Oil extraction process optimization and fatty acid analysis from Malania oleifera cake residue

Authors

• Li Chongyun, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource , Kunming , Yunnan 650224 , China;Forest Resources Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center for Grand Health of Yunnan Provincial Universities , Kunming , Yunnan 650224 , China;College of Biological and Food Engineering , Southwest Forestry University , Kunming , Yunnan 650224 , China
• He Tingyang, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource , Kunming , Yunnan 650224 , China;Forest Resources Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center for Grand Health of Yunnan Provincial Universities , Kunming , Yunnan 650224 , China;College of Biological and Food Engineering , Southwest Forestry University , Kunming , Yunnan 650224 , China
• Wang Shujie, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering , Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming , Yunnan 650504 , China
• Wang Juan, College of Forestry , Southwest Forestry University , Kunming , Yunnan 650224 , ChinaFollow
• Nie Jinggui, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource , Kunming , Yunnan 650224 , China;Forest Resources Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center for Grand Health of Yunnan Provincial Universities , Kunming , Yunnan 650224 , China;College of Biological and Food Engineering , Southwest Forestry University , Kunming , Yunnan 650224 , China

Corresponding Author(s)

王娟（1966—），女，西南林业大学教授，博士。E-mail：[email protected]

Abstract

[Objective] To efficiently recover the oil from Malania oleifera cake residue after mechanical pressing by ultrasound -assisted solvent extraction. [Methods] The effects of solvent type, solid -to-liquid ratio, ultrasonic power, and extraction time on the oil yield are systematically investigated. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of the extracted oil are analyzed. [Results] The optimal conditions for oil extraction are determined as follows:petroleum ether as the solvent, a solid -to-liquid ratio of 1∶25 (g/mL ), ultrasonic power of 250 W, and extraction time of 50 min, achieving a maximum oil yield of 34.30%. The extracted oil exhibits the peroxide value (POV ) of 0.14 g/100 g, acid value (AV) of 3.26 mg/g, and malondialdehyde (MDA ) content of 59.43 nmol/g. Gas chromatography -mass spectrometry analysis reveals that the oil comprises nine fatty acids, with unsaturated fatty acids predominating at 99.96% of the total. Notably, nervonic acid (61.25%), and oleic acid (37.42%) are identified as the major components. [Conclusion] Ultrasound -assisted extraction of oil from M.oleifera cake residue exhibits good physicochemical stability, as indicated by low POV, AV, and MDA content. The fatty acid profile is dominated by high levels of nervonic acid (61.25%) and oleic acid (37.42%), with unsaturated fatty acids comprising 99.96% of the total fatty acids.

Publication Date

11-3-2026

First Page

164

Last Page

169

DOI

10.13652/j.spjx.1003.5788.2025.80730

Recommended Citation

Chongyun, Li; Tingyang, He; Shujie, Wang; Juan, Wang; and Jinggui, Nie (2026) "Oil extraction process optimization and fatty acid analysis from Malania oleifera cake residue," Food and Machinery: Vol. 42: Iss. 10, Article 19.
DOI: 10.13652/j.spjx.1003.5788.2025.80730
Available at: https://www.ifoodmm.cn/journal/vol42/iss10/19

References

[1] 杨一山,唐健民,孙菲菲,等.蒜头果不同部位的营养成分分析[J].广西植物,2023,43(3):515-526.Yang Y S,Tang J M,Sun F F,et al.Analysis of nutritional components in different parts of Malania oleifera [J].Guihaia,2023,43(3):515-526.

[2] Wu R,Zhong S Q,Ni M M,et al.Effects of malania oleifera Chun oil on the improvement of learning and memory function in mice [J].Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2020,2 020(1):8617143.

[3] Yang T Q,Yu Q,Xu W,et al.Transcriptome analysis reveals crucial genes involved in the biosynthesis of nervonic acid in woody Malania oleifera oilseeds [J].BMC Plant Biology,2018,18(1):247.

[4] 吴榕榕,郭广正,康专苗,等.蒜头果营养成分与产品开发研究进展 [J].中国油脂,2025,50(6):111-114.Wu R R,Guo G Z,Kang Z M,et al.Research progress on nutrient components and product development of Malania oleifera [J].China Oils and Fats,2025,50(6):111-114.

[5] 王四海,施蕊,陈剑,等.蒜头果油对小鼠的急性毒性试验研究[J].西部林业科学,2018,47(5):94-98.Wang S H,Shi R,Chen J,et al.Acute toxicity study of Malania oleifera oil to mice [J].Journal of West China Forestry Science,2018,47(5):94-98.

[6] Li H G,Wang R Z,Tian Z W,et al.Population variation in fatty acid composition and response to climatic factors in Malania oleifera Chun et S.K.Lee [J].BMC Plant Biology,2025,25(1):73.

[7] Wang T T,Li J,Wang J,et al.Effect of extraction methods on the lipidomics profiles of Malania oleifera oils by UPLC-Q-Extractive mass spectrometry [J].Food Chemistry:X,2025,27:102384.

[8] Tang T F,Liu X M,Ling M,et al.Constituents of the essential oil and fatty acid from Malania oleifera [J].Industrial Crops and Products,2013,43:1-5.

[9] 李洪果,王瑞珍,段润梅,等.野生蒜头果种仁主要脂肪酸成分变异及评价 [J].中南林业科技大学学报,2025,45(5):1-8.Li H G,Wang R Z,Duan R M,et al.Variation and evaluation of main fatty acid components in wild Malania oleifera kernel [J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology,2025,45(5):1-8.

[10] 王林林,祁鲲,杨倩,等.不同制油方法对石榴籽油品质的影响[J].中国油脂,2016,41(6):35-38.Wang L L,Qi K,Yang Q,et al.Effect of extraction methods on quality of pomegranate seed oil [J].China Oils and Fats,2016,41(6):35-38.

[11] 方玥,连子赫,赵泽凯,等.微波预处理—压榨法提取马油工艺研究 [J].粮食与油脂,2024,37(6):66-70.Fang Y,Lian Z H,Zhao Z K,et al.Study on the extraction process of horse oil by microwave pretreatment-pressing method [J].Cereals & Oils,2024,37(6):66-70.

[12] 王娟,央金卓嘎,黄惠华.茶树花精油超高压、超声波与微波辅 助 萃 取 工 艺 优 化 [J].食 品 与 机 械,2014,30(2):146-148,180.Wang J,Yang J Z G,Huang H H.Comparison on ultrahigh pressure,ultrasonic and microwave assistant extraction of essential oil from tea flower [J].Food & Machinery,2014,30(2):146-148,180.

[13] Drăghici-Popa A M,Pârvulescu O C,Stan R,et al.Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from Romanian blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) fruits [J].Antioxidants,2025,14(6):680.

[14] 黄品鲜,李飘英,李伟光,等.有机溶剂萃取分离蒜头果油的研究 [J].广西化工,1998 (3):1-3.Huang P X,Li P Y,Li W G,et al.Extraction and separation of Malania olcifera chum oil by organic solvent [J].Guangxi Chemical Industry,1998 (3):1-3.

[15] 涂行浩,孙丽群,唐景华,等.澳洲坚果油超声波辅助提取工艺优化及其理化性质 [J].热带作物学报,2019,40(11):2 217-2 226.Tu X H,Sun L Q,Tang J H,et al.Optimization of ultrasonic assisted extraction of Macadamia oil and its physicochemical properties [J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2019,40(11):2 217-2 226.

[16] 沈柯辰.接骨木籽油提取精炼工艺优化及其品质研究 [D].泰安:山东农业大学,2022:1-61.Shen K C.Extraction and refining process optimization of elderberry seed oil and quality research [D].Taian:Shandong Agricultural University,2022:1-61.

[17] 栾真杰,李佩佩,皮立,等.超声波提取马蔺籽油的脂肪酸组成及其抗氧化能力评价 [J].中国粮油学报,2020,35(4):77-82.Luan Z J,Li P P,Pi L,et al.Fatty acid composition and evaluation on antioxidation activities of iris lactea seed oil under ultrasonic wave extraction [J].Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association,2020,35(4):77-82.

[18] 陈建烟,刘超兰,刘伟,等.无患子种仁油提取工艺优化及其理化性质研究 [J].西部林业科学,2020,49(4):22-28.Chen J Y,Liu C L,Liu W,et al.Extraction optimization and physicochemical properties of Sapindus mukorossi gaertn kernel oil [J].Journal of West China Forestry Science,2020,49(4):22-28.

[19] 韩小存.刀豆油脂提取工艺优化与脂肪酸成分分析 [J].食品与机械,2022,38(2):186-189,209.Han X C.Optimal extraction and fatty acid analysis of oil from Canavalia gladiata [J].Food & Machinery,2022,38(2):186-189,209.

[20] 王芳梅,谷盼盼,张鑫,等.超声波辅助提取新疆打瓜籽油脂的工艺研究 [J].中国粮油学报,2018,33(8):52-56,63.Wang F M,Gu P P,Zhang X,et al.The processing research on extracting oil from Xinjiang seeding-watermelon seeds by ultrasonic assisted extraction method [J].Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association,2018,33(8):52-56,63.

[21] 张宇鑫,李傲强,白岩晓,等.响应面优化油莎豆油提取工艺的研究 [J].粮食与食品工业,2024,31(6):15-20.Zhang Y X,Li A Q,Bai Y X,et al.Optimization of tiger nut oils extraction process of by response surface methodology [J].Cereal & Food Industry,2024,31(6):15-20.

[22] 刘柏华,殷钟意,郑旭煦.超声波辅助提取牡丹籽粕中油脂的工艺研究 [J].食品研究与开发,2016,37(8):40-44.Liu B H,Yin Z Y,Zheng X X.Study of the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of oil from the peony seed meal [J].Food Research and Development,2016,37(8):40-44.

[23] 常陆林,豆康宁.响应面优化超声波辅助提取葫芦巴籽油脂工艺研究 [J].粮食与油脂,2016,29(5):54-57.Chang L L,Dou K N.Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of the fenugreek seed oil by response surface methodology [J].Cereals & Oils,2016,29(5):54-57.

[24] 苗欣月,朱丹,颜飞翔,等.糜子壳油超声辅助提取工艺优化及脂肪酸组成分析 [J].食品与机械,2020,36(5):164-168.Miao X Y,Zhu D,Yan F X,et al.Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction process and analysis of fatty acid composition of Panicum miliaceum L.shell oil [J].Food & Machinery,2020,36(5):164-168.

[25] 罗爱勤,王小妹,刘春芳,等.蒜头果油中神经酸的含量测定[J].中国当代医药,2014,21(14):14-16.Luo A Q,Wang X M,Liu C F,et al.Content determination of nervonic acid from Malania oleifera oil[J].China Modern Medicine,2014,21(14):14-16.

[26] Zheng W Q,Xu G H,Lue Z W,et al.Nervonic acid protects against oligodendrocytes injury following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in mice [J].European Journal of Pharmacology,2024,982:176932.

[27] Tu X H,Wan J Y,Xie Y,et al.Lipid analysis of three special nervonic acid resources in China [J].Oil Crop Science,2020,5(4):180-186.

[28] Wang C L,Wu Y N,Liu C,et al.Nervonic acid alleviates radiation-induced early phase lung inflammation by targeting macrophages activation in mice [J].Frontiers in Immunology,2024,15:1405020.

[29] 于雪莲,杨培艺,郭娟,等.云南 6种木本植物油脂肪酸组成分析及调和优化 [J].中国油脂,2024,49(12):52-57.Yu X L,Yang P Y,Guo J,et al.Fatty acid composition analysis and blending optimization of six woody plant oils in Yunnan province [J].China Oils and Fats,2024,49(12):52-57.

[30] 金青哲,王月,方靖凯,等.油酸和高油酸油脂对人体健康的影响研究进展 [J].粮食与油脂,2023,36(3):1-3,8.Jin Q Z,Wang Y,Fang J K,et al.Research progress on the effects of oleic acid and high oleic aicd oil on human health [J].Cereals & Oils,2023,36(3):1-3,8.