•  
  •  
 

Corresponding Author(s)

林向阳(1969—), 男, 福州大学教授, 博士。E-mail: xylin@fzu.edu.cn

Abstract

Hippocampus abdominalis is one of the commercially cultured seahorse species in the world and is characterized by high fecundity, strong disease resistance, and tolerance to low temperatures. In recent years, the aquaculture of H.abdominalis has rapidly emerged in China, attracting considerable attention to its resource development. To promote the rational development of H.abdominalis and expand its application scenarios, this paper reviews its edible history in China and abroad. For example, it has been included in the food category in South Korea and the Philippines. In addition, its nutritional components, such as proteins and polypeptides, are discussed, revealing that it has a balanced nutritional composition consistent with contemporary healthy consumption concepts. The edible safety of H.abdominalis is also analyzed from the perspectives of heavy metal and microplastic contents. Finally, the future development directions of H.abdominalis are discussed in terms of market prospects, product development, and policy guidance.

Publication Date

5-13-2026

First Page

230

Last Page

237

DOI

10.13652/j.spjx.1003.5788.2025.81079

References

[1] 郑磊,梁建韬,左小玲,等.膨腹海马生长性状全基因组关联分 析 及 候 选 基 因 的 挖 掘 [J].集 美 大 学 学 报 (自 然 科 学 版),2025,30(3):225-236.ZHENG L,LIANG J T,ZUO X L,et al.Gene-wide association study to identify candidate genes for growth traits in Hippocampus abdominalis [J].Journal of Jimei University (Natural Science),2025,30(3):225-236.
[2] LOURIE S A,FOSTER S J,COOPER E W T,et al.A guide to the identification of seahorses [J].Project Seahorse and TRAFFIC North America,2004,114(1):1-120.
[3] 陈信忠,曾韵颖.海马种类及其鉴定技术分析 [J].中国口岸科学技术,2020 (12):48-54.CHEN X Z,ZENG Y Y.Analysis of species and identification techniques of seahorses [J].China Port Science and Technology,2020 (12):48-54.
[4] 葛晓鸣,顾伟,徐永健.海马水解蛋白的氨基酸组成与抗氧化能力的关系 [J].核农学报,2019,33(2):322-329.GE X M,GU W,XU Y J.Relationship of amino acids composition and antioxidative capacity of hydrolyzed protein from Hippocampus kuda bleeker [J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2019,33(2):322-329.
[5] 陈笛,陈健,高健,等.线纹海马活性多肽的体外抗氧化活性评价 [J].食品研究与开发,2018,39(8):10-15.CHEN D,CHEN J,GAO J,et al.Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of Hippocampus erectus peptides [J].Food Research and Development,2018,39(8):10-15.
[6] WIJERATHNA H M S M,NADARAJAPILLAI K,UDAYANTHA H M V,et al.Molecular delineation,expression profiling,immune response,and anti-apoptotic function of a novel clusterin homolog from big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) [J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2022,124:289-299.
[7] 陈梦,陈建真,葛宇清,等.海马化学成分及药理活性研究进展[J].中草药,2017,48(19):4 089-4 099.CHEN M,CHEN J Z,GE Y Q,et al.Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Hippocampus [J].Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs,2017,48(19):4 089-4 099.
[8] WILSON A B,MARTIN-SMITH K M.Genetic monogamy despite social promiscuity in the pot-bellied seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) [J].Molecular Ecology,2007,16(11):2 345-2 352.
[9] 罗辉玉,祁剑飞,郑乐云,等.膨腹海马温度耐受性及不同温度对其生长的影响 [J].渔业研究,2021,43(5):480-486.LUO H Y,QI J F,ZHENG L Y,et al.The temperature tolerance of Hippocampus abdominalis and the effect of different temperatures on its growth [J].Journal of Fisheries Research,2021,43(5):480-486.
[10] “膨 腹 海 马 苗 种 规 模 化 繁 育 技 术 ”通 过 专 家 现 场 验 收 [J].水产科技情报,2023,50(5):339.The Large-scale Breeding Technology of Hippocampus abdominalis fry has passed the on-site acceptance by experts[J].Fisheries Science & Technology Information,2023,50(5):339.
[11] KOLDEWEY H J,MARTIN-SMITH K M.A global review of seahorse aquaculture [J].Aquaculture,2010,302(3):131-152.
[12] KANG N,KIM S Y,RHO S,et al.Anti-fatigue activity of a mixture of seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) hydrolysate and red ginseng [J].Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,2017,20(1):3.
[13] LEE I S,LEE M H,JANG K T.A study on salt-fermented seahorse added with proteolytic enzyme (protamex) [J].The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence,2020,6(6):1-7.
[14] MUNDIJO T,SUYATNA F,WIBOWO A,et al.Characterization of seahorse (Hippocampus comes L.) extracts originating from culture and nature in Pesawaran,Lampung,Indonesia [J].Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research,2022,9(4):610.
[15] NG R M Y,THEN A Y,LIM A C O.Cultural and socio-demographic drivers shape seahorse uses in Malaysia:implications for conservation [J].Oryx,2024,58(6):720-729.
[16] CUI X H,ZHAO X F,LI J T,et al.Advances in the global distribution,chemical constituents,and pharmacology of Hippocampus,a traditional marine chinese medicine [J].Frontiers in Marine Science,2021,8:774927.
[17] FOSTER S,WISWEDEL S,VINCENT A.Opportunities and challenges for analysis of wildlife trade using CITES data-seahorses as a case study [J].Aquatic Conservation:Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems,2016,26(1):154-172.
[18] ZHANG Z Y,ZHANG X Y,WANG X,et al.Chemical constituents,pharmacological activities and quality evaluation methods of genus Hippocampus:a comprehensive review [J].Chinese Herbal Medicines,2024,16(3):344-357.
[19] 司夏丹,葛晓鸣,徐永健,等.基于气味客观化的海马化学成分分析 [J].核农学报,2018,32(5):941-951.SI X D,GE X M,XU Y J,et al.Chemical composition analysis of Hippocampus kuda bleeker based on odor objectification [J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2018,32(5):941-951.
[20] 许光辉,陈佩璐,黄恺飞,等.一种高溶出度海马粉的制备方法及其应用:202311774366.X[P].2024 -04-19.XU G H,CHEN P L,HUANG K F,et al.A preparation method of high-dissolution seahorse powder and its application:202311774366.X[P].2024 -04-19.
[21] 李晓云,谢荣华,陈胜,等.干燥方式对香芋条干燥特性及品质的影响 [J].食品与机械,2025,41(9):196-202.LI X Y,XIE R H,CHEN S,et al.Effects of different drying methods on drying characteristics and quality of taro strips [J].Food & Machinery,2025,41(9):196-202.
[22] 许美津,林海生,黄和.水产品中常见致病菌检测技术研究进展 [J].食品与机械,2025,41(8):197-205.XU M J,LIN H S,HUANG H.Research progress in detection techniques of common pathogenic bacteria in aquatic products[J].Food & Machinery,2025,41(8):197-205.
[23] 邱 桂 仙.海 马 养 生 酒 的 组 方 研 究 [J].职 业 与 健 康,2006(2):138.QIU G X.Research on the formula of Haima health wine [J].Occupation and Health,2006 (2):138.
[24] 盛琳,罗海燕,杨健,等.复方海马酒加工方法的研究 [J].食品与药品,2011,13(3):122-124.SHENG L,LUO H Y,YANG J,et al.Study on processing method of compound hippocampus liquor [J].Food and Drug,2011,13(3):122-124.
[25] ZENG L,ARMANI A,WEN J,et al.Molecular identification of seahorse and pipefish species sold as dried seafood in China:a market-based survey to highlight the actual needs for a proper trade [J].Food Control,2019,103:175-181.
[26] 史筱莉,徐永健,牟金婷,等.大海马和刁海龙氨基酸与脂肪酸的组成分析与评价 [J].中国海洋药物,2017,36(2):75-83.SHI X L,XU Y J,MOU J T,et al.Analysis of amino acids and fatty acids of Hippocampus kuda and Solenognathus hardwickii[J].Chinese Journal of Marine Drugs,2017,36(2):75-83.
[27] 刘艳红,熊张平,季春艳,等.干燥方式对太和香椿芽品质的影响 [J].食品与机械,2020,36(9):201-206.LIU Y H,XIONG Z P,JI C Y,et al.Effect of three drying methods on the quality of Taihe toona sinensis bud [J].Food & Machinery,2020,36(9):201-206.
[28] FENG B Y,ZHANG H,ZHANG D Y,et al.Comprehensive biochemical analysis and nutritional evaluation of fatty acid and amino acid profiles in eight seahorse species (Hippocampus spp.) [J].Heliyon,2024,10(12):e33220.
[29] 张永明,董登攀,汪海燕,等.膨腹海马的生物学特征与人工养 殖 技 术 研 究 进 展 [J].海 洋 湖 沼 通 报 (中 英 文),2024,46(4):190-198.ZHANG Y M,DONG D P,WANG H Y,et al.Research advances on the biological characteristics and breeding technology of seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) [J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology (in Chinese and English),2024,46(4):190-198.
[30] 吴 娟 娟,田 佳 宁,陈 奕 蒙,等.膨 腹 海 马 (Hippocampus abdominalis)磷 脂 及 其 脂 肪 酸 组 成 分 析 [J].中 国 油 脂,2025,50(7):118-123.WU J J,TIAN J N,CHEN Y M,et al.Analysis of phospholipids and their fatty acid composition in the Hippocampus abdominalis [J].China Oils and Fats,2025,50(7):118-123.
[31] XU Y,RYU S,LEE Y K,et al.Brassicasterol from edible aquacultural Hippocampus abdominalis exerts an anti-cancer effect by dual-targeting AKT and AR signaling in prostate cancer [J].Biomedicines,2020,8(9):370.
[32] 肖辉裕,马爱军,孙志宾,等.不同月龄膨腹海马表型形态性状与体重之间的关系 [J].水产学报,2025,49(2):139-153.XIAO H Y,MA A J,SUN Z B,et al.Relationship between phenotypic morphological traits and body weight of Hippocampus abdominalis at different months [J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2025,49(2):139-153.
[33] WOODS C M C,MARTIN-SMITH K M.Visible implant fluorescent elastomer tagging of the big-bellied seahorse,Hippocampus abdominalis [J].Fisheries Research,2004,66(2/3):363-371.
[34] YANG F Q,YANG Y,XIAO D D,et al.Anti-photoaging effects of antioxidant peptide from seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) in in vivo and in vitro Models [J].Marine Drugs,2024,22(10):471.
[35] 宁一霏,毕添玺,陈奕蒙,等.膨腹海马脂质及其脂肪酸组成分析 [J].食品研究与开发,2024,45(17):178-183.NING Y F,BI T X,CHEN Y M,et al.Analysis of lipid and fatty acid composition of the Hippocampus abdominalis [J].Food Research and Development,2024,45(17):178-183.
[36] 王琳,焦阳,魏霞,等.膨腹海马的保健功效研究及产业化开发进展 [J].食品与药品,2024,26(4):394-399.WANG L,JIAO Y,WEI X,et al.Research progress on health care function and industrial development of Hippocampus abdominalis [J].Food and Drug,2024,26(4):394-399.
[37] ZHANG Y Y,RYU B,CUI Y H,et al.A peptide isolated from Hippocampus abdominalis improves exercise performance and exerts anti-fatigue effects via AMPK/PGC- 1α pathway in mice[J].Journal of Functional Foods,2019,61:103489.
[38] MUTHURAMALINGAM K,KIM S Y,KIM Y,et al.Bigbelly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis)-derived peptides enhance skeletal muscle differentiation and endurance performance via activated P 38MAPK/AKT signalling pathway:an in vitro and in vivo analysis [J].Journal of Functional Foods,2019,52:147-155.
[39] TIRABASSI G,SUDANO M,SALVIO G,et al.Vitamin D and male sexual function:a transversal and longitudinal study[J].International Journal of Endocrinology,2018,2 018(1):3720813.
[40] KIM H S,JE J G,RYU B,et al.Antioxidant and angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from Hippocampus abdominalis [J].European Food Research and Technology,2019,245(2):479-487.
[41] KIM Y M,JEON Y J,HUH J S,et al.Effects of enzymatic |hydrolysate from seahorse Hippocampus abdominalis on testosterone secretion from TM 3 Leydig cells and in male mice[J].Applied Biological Chemistry,2016,59(6):869-879.
[42] JE J G,KIM H S,LEE H G,et al.Low-molecular weight peptides isolated from seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) improve vasodilation via inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme in vivo and in vitro [J].Process Biochemistry,2020,95:30-35.
[43] LEE H G,NAGAHAWATTA D P,YANG F Q,et al.Antioxidant potential of hydrolysate-derived seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis) peptide:protective effects against AAPH-induced oxidative damage in vitro and in vivo [J].Food Chemistry,2023,407:135130.
[44] WOODS C M C,VALENTINO F.Frozen mysids as an alternative to live Artemia in culturing seahorses Hippocampus abdominalis:use of frozen mysids in culturing seahorses [J].Aquaculture Research,2003,34(9):757-763.
[45] 新 食 品 原 料 安 全 性 审 查 管 理 办 法 [J].中 华 人 民 共 和 国 国 家卫生和计划生育委员会公报,2013 (6):1-3.Administrative measures for safety review of new food ingredients [J].Gazette of the National Health and Family Planning Commission of People's Republic of China,2013 (6):1-3.
[46] ZHANG W,ZHANG Y H,ZHANG L,et al.Bioaccumulation of metals in tissues of seahorses collected from coastal China[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2016,96(3):281-288.
[47] 鲁俊,林芃宏,宁燕,等.中国 3种野生海马的食用安全性评价[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2023,13(3):9-17.LU J,LIN P H,NING Y,et al.Edible safety assessment of 3 wild seahorses in China [J].Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards,2023,13(3):9-17.
[48] LIU Y,SHANG D W,YANG Y J,et al.Bioaccumulation of contaminants in wild seahorses collected from coastal China[J].Frontiers in Marine Science,2022,9:1021170.
[49] KIM J A,LEE J Y,HWANG S D,et al.Microplastic and Vibrio harveyi co-exposure induces oxidative stress in big-belly seahorse Hippocampus abdominalis [J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,2025,279:111124.
[50] SUH J H,XIA S D,NING Y,et al.Effects of microplastics and attached heavy metals on growth,immunity,and heavy metal accumulation in the yellow seahorse,Hippocampus kuda bleeker [J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2019,149:110510.
[51] DOMÍNGUEZ-LÓPEZ M,BELLAS J,SÁNCHEZ-RUILOBA L,et al.First evidence of ingestion and retention of microplastics in seahorses (Hippocampus reidi) using copepods (Acartia tonsa) as transfer vectors [J].Science of the Total Environment,2022,818:151688.
[52] 何丽斌,祁剑飞,林金波,等.膨腹海马人工繁殖与育苗关键技术 [J].应用海洋学学报,2022,41(4):701-707.HE L B,QI J F,LIN J B,et al.Artificial propagation and seedling technique of Hippocampus abdominalis [J].Journal of Applied Oceanography,2022,41(4):701-707.
[53] XU Y J,MU J T.Study on an integrated eco-aquaculture system for rearing the yellow seahorse,Hippocampus kuda bleeker [J].Aquaculture Research,2017,48(6):2 868-2 875.
[54] 李玉伟,宋锋,卢强,等.膨腹海马工厂化养殖技术 [J].科学养鱼,2021 (7):64-65.LI Y W,SONG F,LU Q,et al.Factory farming technology of Hippocampus abdominalis [J].Scientific Fish Farming,2021(7):64-65.
[55] 孔祥青,类成通,秦四勇.膨腹海马工厂化育养技术探究 [J].中国水产,2023 (10):58-60.KONG X Q,LEI C T,QIN S Y.Research on the factory rearing technology of Hippocampus abdominalis [J].China Fisheries,2023 (10):58-60.
[56] WILSON Z,CARTER C G,PURSER G J.Nitrogen budgets for juvenile big-bellied seahorse Hippocampus abdominalis fed Artemia,mysids or pelleted feeds [J].Aquaculture,2006,255(1/2/3/4):233-241.
[57] 刘 江 雪.膨 腹 海 马 缘 何 落 户 黄 海 之 滨 [N].日 照 日 报,2024 -10-14(B01).LIU J X.Why did the Hippocampus abdominalis settle on the coast of the yellow sea ?[N].Rizhao Daily,2024 -10-14(B01).
[58] 戴为卿.国际新兴食品领域的法律监管及其借鉴 [J].食品与机械,2025,41(3):62-66.DAI W Q.Legal supervision of international emerging food fields and its reference [J].Food & Machinery,2025,41(3):62-66.
[59] 张颖.福建海马破冰出海 [N].福建日报,2025 -07-03(2).ZHANG Y.Fujian seahorses break the ice and sail overseas[N].Fujian Daily Press Group,2025 -07-03(2).
[60] 王春植,雷少斐,胡婧.海马能否成为海水养殖新宠 ?[N].农民日报,2024 -08-15(6).WANG C Z,LEI S F,HU J.Can seahorses become the new favorite in Marine aquaculture ? [N].Farmers'Daily,2024 -08-15(6).
[61] 游丽君,李雪.食品专业类人才创新能力提升的探索与实践[J].食品与机械,2025,41(7):257-258.YOU L J,LI X.Exploration and practice on improving the innovation ability of food-major talents [J].Food & Machinery,2025,41(7):257-258.

Download

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.